shaandho molecularwaa maaddooyin lagama maarmaan ah oo loo isticmaalo hababka kala duwan ee warshadaha si loo kala saaro molecules iyadoo lagu saleynayo cabbirkooda iyo qaabkooda. Waxay yihiin aluminosilicates bir crystalline leh shabakad iskuxiran oo saddex-geesood ah oo aluminium ah iyo silica tetrahedra. Inta badan la isticmaaloshaandho molecularwaa 3A iyo 4A, kuwaas oo ku kala duwan cabbirkooda daloolka iyo codsiyada.
4 Shaandhooyin molecular waxay leeyihiin cabbir dalool ah oo qiyaastii 4 angstroms ah, halka3A shaandho molecularleeyihiin cabbir dalool yar oo ku dhow 3 angstroms. Farqiga u dhexeeya cabbirka daloolka ayaa keenaya kala duwanaanshiyaha awooddooda xayeysiinta iyo xulashada molecules kala duwan.4A shaandho molecularwaxaa sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalaa fuuq-baxa gaaska iyo dareerayaasha, iyo sidoo kale ka saarista biyaha dareeraha iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah. Dhanka kale, 3A shaandho molecular ayaa ugu horrayn loogu shaqeeyaa fuuq-baxa hydrocarbons-ka iyo xeryahooda polar-ka.
Kala duwanaanshaha cabbirka daloolka ayaa sidoo kale saameeya noocyada molecules ee lagu dhejin karo nooc kasta oo shaandho molecular ah. 4 Shaandhooyin molecular ayaa wax ku ool u leh soo saarista molecules waaweyn sida biyaha, kaarboon-dioxide, iyo hydrocarbons aan saturated ahayn, halka 3A shaandhada molecular ay aad u door bidaan molecules yaryar sida biyaha, ammonia, iyo alkolada. Xulashadani waxay muhiim u tahay codsiyada meelaha wasakhda gaarka ah loo baahan yahay in laga saaro gaas ama dareere isku jira.
Arrin kale oo muhiim ah in la tixgeliyo marka la kala dooranayo3A iyo 4A shaandho molecularwaa awoodda ay u leeyihiin in ay u adkeystaan heerarka kala duwan ee qoyaanka. 3A shaandhada molecular waxay leeyihiin caabbinta sare ee uumiga biyaha marka la barbar dhigo 4A shaandhada molecular, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay ku habboon yihiin codsiyada halka joogitaanka qoyaanku ay walaac ka qabaan. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa 3A shaandhooyin molecular ku habboon in loo isticmaalo hababka qallajinta hawada iyo gaasta halkaasoo ka saarista biyaha ay muhiim tahay.
Marka la eego codsiyada warshadaha, shaandhada molecular ee 4A ayaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa soosaarka oksijiinta iyo nitrogen ee hababka kala soocida hawada, iyo sidoo kale qalajinta qaboojiyaha iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah. Awooddooda inay si wax ku ool ah uga saaraan biyaha iyo kaarboon laba ogsaydh ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo qiimo leh oo ku jira hababkan. Dhanka kale, 3A shaandhooyin molecular ah ayaa si weyn u isticmaala qalajinta hydrocarbons-ka aan qoyanayn, sida gaaska dillaacsan, propylene, iyo butadiene, iyo sidoo kale sifaynta gaasta dareeraha ah ee batroolka.
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in doorashada u dhaxaysa 3A iyo 4A shaandhada molecular ay ku xiran tahay shuruudaha gaarka ah ee codsiga, oo ay ku jiraan nooca molecules in lagu dhajiyo, heerka qoyaanka hadda jira, iyo nadiifinta la rabo ee alaabta dhamaadka. Fahamka faraqa u dhexeeya shaandhada molecular ayaa muhiim u ah doorashada ikhtiyaarka ugu habboon ee habka warshadaha gaarka ah.
Gabagabadii, halka labadaba3A iyo 4A shaandho molecularWaxay lagama maarmaan u yihiin fuuqbaxa kala duwan iyo hababka nadiifinta, kala duwanaanshahooda cabbirka daloolka, xulashada adsorption, iyo caabbinta qoyaanka ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon codsiyada kala duwan. Fahamka kala duwanaanshahan, warshaduhu waxay gaari karaan go'aano xog ogaal ah oo ku saabsan xulashada iyo ka faa'iidaysiga shaandhada molecular si ay u wanaajiyaan geeddi-socodkooda oo ay u gaaraan nadiifnimada alaabta la doonayo.
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-27-2024