Biyo-daweyntadoor muhiim ah ka ciyaara sifaynta batroolka, gaar ahaan hydrodesulfurization (HDSNaphtha, vacuum gas oil (VGOiyo naaftada sulfur aadka u hooseeya (ULSD). Soo-saareyaashani waxay muhiim u yihiin ka saarista baaruudda, nitrogen iyo wasakhda kale ee jajabyada saliidda ceyriinka ah, si kor loogu qaado tayada iyo u hoggaansanaanta deegaanka ee badeecadda ugu dambeysa. Si loo fahmo muhiimadabiyo-daweynta kicinta, waa lagama maarmaan in la dhex geliyo fikradda daaweynta biyaha iyo doorka kicinta ee geeddi-socodka.
Waa maxay kicinta daweynta biyaha?
Biyo-daweyntas waa maaddooyin kor u qaada falcelinta kiimikaad ee ku lug leh daawaynta biyaha ee jajabyada saliidda cayriin. Biyo-daawaynta waxa loola jeedaa habsocodyo katalytik ah oo ku lug leh isticmaalka hydrogen si loo saaro wasakhda loona wanaajiyo tayada badeecadaha kala duwan ee batroolka. Noocyada ugu muhiimsan eeHydroprocessing waxaa ka mid ah hydrotreating, biyo-qabsiiyobiyo-dhaminta, mid kastaa wuxuu u baahan yahay kicin gaar ah oo ku habboon falcelinta la rabo.
Naphtha Hydrotreating Catalyst
Naphtha hydrotreating waxay ku lug leedahay ka saarida baaruud, nitrogen iyo wasakh kale si loo daboolo xeerarka adag ee deegaanka iyo hagaajinta tayada octane ee alaabta. Katalisyada loo isticmaalonaphtha hydrotreatingCaadi ahaan waxay ku salaysan yihiin biraha sida cobalt, molybdenum iyo nikkel oo lagu taageerayo aluminium ama qalabyo kale oo sare oo sare ah. Kiciyayaashani waxay kor u qaadaan falcelinta hydrogenation-ka iyo falcelinta desulfurization si ay u soo saaraan baaruud hooseeya, naphtha-octane-sare oo ku habboon isku dhafka shidaalka.
VGO HDS
Saliidda gaaska Vacuum(VGO) waa quud muhiim u ah noocyo kala duwan oo geeddi-socodka hoose, oo ay ku jiraan dareeraha sariiraha dillaacsan (FCC) iyo biyo-raadin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, VGO waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay heerar sare oo baaruud ah iyo nitrogen, kuwaas oo u baahan in la yareeyo si loo daboolo sifooyinka alaabta. Biyo-daaweeyaha si gaar ah loogu talagalayVGO HDSsi taxadar leh ayaa loo qaabeeyey si ay ugu adkeystaan xaaladaha adag ee hawlgalka iyo kor u qaadida ka saarista baaruudda iyo xeryahooda nitrogen, taasoo keentay nadiifiye, qiimo badan VGO si loo sii habeeyo.
Sababtoo ah heerarka qiiqa adag, naaftada sulfur aadka u hooseeya (ULSD) waa badeecad muhiim u ah warshadaha sifaynta casriga ah. Soo saarista ULSD waxay ku lug leedahay daawaynta biyaha si loo yareeyo maadada baaruudka ilaa heerar aad u hooseeya. ULSD HDS kiciyayaashu waxay aad u door bidaan nadiifinta iyadoo la yareynayo hydrogenation-ka qaybaha kale, hubinta tayada badeecada ee loo baahan yahay iyo buuxinta shuruudaha sharciyeed.
Doorka kicinta
Dhammaan hababkan biyo-daweynta, kicinayaashu waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan kor u qaadida falcelinta la rabo iyadoo la ilaalinayo xasilloonida iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa muddada dheer. Doorashada qaabaynta kicinta, oo ay ku jiraan nooca iyo xoojinta biraha firfircoon iyo agabyada taageerada, waxay si weyn u saameeyaan hufnaanta iyo xulashada falcelinta biyaha daweynta. Intaa waxaa dheer, horumarka tignoolajiyada kicinta, sida horumarinta qaabab cusub oo biraha kor loo qaaday iyo agabka taageerada ee la wanaajiyey, waxay sii wadaan hagaajinta waxqabadka iyo cimri dhererka ka-hortagga biyo-saareyaasha.
gabagabadii
Biyo-daweyntawaxay udub dhexaad u yihiin soo saarista badeecooyin nadiif ah oo tayo sare leh. Maaddaama xeerarka deegaanku noqdaan kuwo aad u adag, baahida loo qabo kicinta wax-ku-oolka ah iyo xulashada ee hababka biyo-daweynta ayaa sii socota inay koraan. Shaqada cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta ee socota ee tignoolajiyada kicinta ayaa ujeedadeedu tahay in ay sii wanaajiso waxqabadka iyo joogteynta soo-saareyaasha biyo-saarka, hubinta wax-soo-saarka mustaqbalka ee shidaalka deegaanka u wanaagsan iyo kiimikooyinka petrochemicals.
Waqtiga boostada: Jun-06-2024